"laughen" meaning in Middle English

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "laughter"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lawghynge"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "laugh"
          },
          "expansion": "English: laugh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: laugh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "lauch"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: lauch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: lauch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "leeigh",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: leeigh, leigh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: leeigh, leigh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hlæhhan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hlæhhan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hlahhjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hlahjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English hlæhhan, alternative form of hlehhan, hliehhan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan, from Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 or weak in -ed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "laughen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "laugh",
        "2": "lough",
        "2a": "low",
        "3": "low",
        "4": "laugh",
        "c": "6",
        "w": "ed",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 22 31 7 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 41 8 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Laughter",
          "orig": "enm:Laughter",
          "parents": [
            "Happiness",
            "Reflexes",
            "Emotions",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "But right away the worthy Knight started / when he saw that all the people laughed: / \"No more of this, because that's enough!",
          "ref": "a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 961–963:",
          "text": "But right anon the worthy Knyght bigan / whan that he saugh that al the peple lough: / \"Namoore of this, for it is right ynough!",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To laugh; to break out in laughter or laughing."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-enm-verb-70kSKlPg",
      "links": [
        [
          "laugh",
          "laugh"
        ],
        [
          "laughter",
          "laughter"
        ],
        [
          "laughing",
          "laughing"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 22 31 7 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 42 29 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 41 8 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Laughter",
          "orig": "enm:Laughter",
          "parents": [
            "Happiness",
            "Reflexes",
            "Emotions",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And Venus laughs about every person / As January has become her knight",
          "ref": "a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Merchant's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 1723–1724:",
          "text": "And Venus laugheth upon every wight / For Januarie was bicome hir knyght",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To express glee or joyfulness; to show happiness."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-enm-verb-6Coylnme",
      "links": [
        [
          "glee",
          "glee"
        ],
        [
          "joyfulness",
          "joyfulness"
        ],
        [
          "happiness",
          "happiness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To reminisce about; to remember with affection."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-enm-verb-XGFG4v~H",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually with a preposition) To reminisce about; to remember with affection."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with a preposition"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To laugh about an incident or thing."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-enm-verb-8wP790sD",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To laugh about an incident or thing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaxən/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛxən/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlau̯xən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛi̯xən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈliːxən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "laughe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "laghe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "laghen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lawen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leigh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leygh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leiȝe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leyȝe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauȝe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauȝhe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lawȝe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lyȝhe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauȝwhen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leighȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lawhyn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lihȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lehȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lahhen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauhwen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "sense": "early",
      "word": "lahhȝhenn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "laughen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English class 6 strong verbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Emotions",
    "enm:Laughter"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "laughter"
    },
    {
      "word": "lawghynge"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "laugh"
          },
          "expansion": "English: laugh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: laugh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "lauch"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: lauch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: lauch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "leeigh",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: leeigh, leigh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: leeigh, leigh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hlæhhan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hlæhhan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hlahhjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hlahjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English hlæhhan, alternative form of hlehhan, hliehhan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan, from Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 or weak in -ed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "laughen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "laugh",
        "2": "lough",
        "2a": "low",
        "3": "low",
        "4": "laugh",
        "c": "6",
        "w": "ed",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "But right away the worthy Knight started / when he saw that all the people laughed: / \"No more of this, because that's enough!",
          "ref": "a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 961–963:",
          "text": "But right anon the worthy Knyght bigan / whan that he saugh that al the peple lough: / \"Namoore of this, for it is right ynough!",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To laugh; to break out in laughter or laughing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "laugh",
          "laugh"
        ],
        [
          "laughter",
          "laughter"
        ],
        [
          "laughing",
          "laughing"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And Venus laughs about every person / As January has become her knight",
          "ref": "a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Merchant's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 1723–1724:",
          "text": "And Venus laugheth upon every wight / For Januarie was bicome hir knyght",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To express glee or joyfulness; to show happiness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "glee",
          "glee"
        ],
        [
          "joyfulness",
          "joyfulness"
        ],
        [
          "happiness",
          "happiness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To reminisce about; to remember with affection."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually with a preposition) To reminisce about; to remember with affection."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with a preposition"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To laugh about an incident or thing."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To laugh about an incident or thing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaxən/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛxən/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlau̯xən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛi̯xən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈliːxən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "laughe"
    },
    {
      "word": "laghe"
    },
    {
      "word": "laghen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lawen"
    },
    {
      "word": "leigh"
    },
    {
      "word": "leygh"
    },
    {
      "word": "leiȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "leyȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauȝhe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lawȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lyȝhe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauȝwhen"
    },
    {
      "word": "leighȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lawhyn"
    },
    {
      "sense": "early",
      "word": "lahhȝhenn"
    },
    {
      "word": "lihȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lehȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lahhen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauhwen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "laughen"
}